New Compound Boosts Tomato Drought Resistance

Scientists from the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) have developed a breakthrough compound that allows conventional crops, specifically tomatoes, to survive severe drought conditions. The research, published in the journal Molecular Plant in September 2025, introduces a molecule called inverted cyanobactin (iCB). This molecule mimics the natural plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA), which regulates how plants adapt to water scarcity.

The study, co-led by Pedro L. Rodríguez and Armando Albert, demonstrates that applying the iCB molecule via a foliar spray enables tomato plants to withstand intense water stress. By triggering the closure of stomata—the microscopic pores on leaves—the treatment drastically reduces water loss through transpiration. Unlike previous methods, this approach does not compromise the plant’s ability to recover its photosynthetic capacity once irrigation is restored, maintaining overall productivity.

One of the most significant advantages for the agricultural industry is that this treatment works on conventional crops without the need for genetic modification (GMO). This bypasses the complex regulatory and social barriers often associated with transgenic plants. The researchers noted that beyond protecting the leaves, iCB activates stress-adaptation genes that produce protective molecules like proline and raffinose, and can even promote root growth toward moisture.

While the primary success was demonstrated in tomatoes, preliminary tests suggest the molecule is also effective in other major crops such as wheat and grapes. The compound proved to be even more potent than the plant’s own natural hormones in preventing premature grain germination, a common issue in humid climates.

The technology has already been patented in collaboration with the Spanish company GalChimia. This innovation offers a promising tool for tomato processors and growers facing the increasing challenges of climate change, providing a practical way to ensure crop survival during extreme weather events until regular irrigation can be resumed.

Reference: Structural insights into ABA receptor agonists reveal critical features to optimize and design a broad-spectrum ABA signaling activator. Bono, Mar et al. Molecular Plant, Volume 18, Issue 9, 1526 – 1548.

Full text: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.07.014

Source : CSIC